Method of lining kilns and lining produced thereby



2 Sheets-Sfieet 1 a M; H w

cs. E; SEILQ Nov. 15, 1938.

- METHOD OF LINING KILNS AND LINING PRODUCED THEREBY Filed Feb. 28, 19381933'- I G. E. SEIL 7 2,137,184

METHOD OF LINING KILNS AND LINTNG PRQDUCE'D THEREBY Fil'ed Feb. 28, 19332 Sheets-Sheec 2 PatentedNov. 15, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE METHODOF LINING KILNS ANDLINING PRODUCED THEREBY Gilbert E. Seil, Cynwyd, Pa.,assignor to E. J. I Lavino and Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporationof Delaware Application February 28, 1938, Serial No. 193,204

14 Claims. (01. 263-33) This invention relates to a method of liningkilns and the lining produced thereby, and has for an important objectthereof, elimination of the difliculties usually arising in the use ofprecast refractory blocks for this purpose.

Use of precast blocks in the lining of a kiln,

(while possibly permitting interlocking of the' blocks at two sidesthereof, precludes the possibility of an interlock extending entirelyaround the block. Furthermore, in using precast blocks it is oftendiflicult to correctly proportion the blocks so that they willaccurately fit the kiln wall, particularly in view of the fact that suchwalls are often wholly irregular or have irregularities at intervalswhich increase the difiision,

25. which are burned away when the kiln is heated.

An important object of the present invention is the provision of amethod of kiln lining which will provide a. structure wherein, ifdesired, the bricks may interlock at all side faces thereof; in whichadequate space is provided to compensate for expansion, and in which thebricks are securely connected to the kilnwall or outer frame.

These and other objects I attain by the construction shown in theaccompanying drawings 35.jwherein, for the purpose of illustration, Ihave shown a preferred embodiment of my invention and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a rotary kiln having a liningconstructed in ac- 4 0 -,cordance with my invention, the wall beingbroken away to show the mounting employed;

Fig. 2 is a section on line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a detailed sectionalview through one form of separator means employed in my inven 45 tion;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view show ing a partially formedkiln lining utilizing the form of separator illustrated in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a-perspective view of one of the bricks 50 produced by use ofthe construction illustrated in Figs. 2,3 and 4,

Fig.6 isa sectional view showing a modified form of separator;

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary side elevation of one 55 of the plates of Fig.6;

dicated at [1.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view through a further form of separator; and

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary side elevation of one of the plates employed inFig. 8. I

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the numeral l0generally designates a kiln wall or frame; to this wall I secure areticulated supporting framework ll including longitudinal members I2-and transverse members l3 at present illustrated as comprising angleirons I4 bolted or otherwise secured to the wall H1 at l5.

In this framework, as at present illustrated, thelongitudinal membersare shown as continuous, while the transverse members are in the form ofshort strips connecting these longitudinal members, although, of course,this order might readily be reversed. In'any event, the shorter membersare preferably staggered with relation to one another; that is to say,those of one row between continuous longitudinal or transverse membersare staggered with relation to those between the next row.

Secured to the members l2 and I 3 are separators 16, each of a depthcorresponding to the thickness of the desired lining and each comprisinga pair of plates and an intermediate combustible separator of thickpaper, or the like, in-

The plates of the separator are preferably of the type illustrated inFig. 3, wherein they are illustrated as corrugated sheets l8 and theseparator is loosely connected to that portion of the support II withwhich it is associated, bolts l9 passing loosely through both thesupport and the separator being at present illustrated for this purpose.

It will be obvious, as more clearly shown in Fig. 4,- that theseparators combine to produce a series of pockets 20 at the inner faceof the kiln wall and into these pockets the plastic refractory materialis rammed, cast, or poured. In the form now under discussion, since theseparators produce in the faces of the blocks 2| thus formed a series ofgrooves 22, the grooves of one block beingcomplemental to those of theadjacent block, it follows that all ofthe blocks will have interlockingengagement on all side faces thereof.

Furthermore, the spaces between adjacent blocks will, in the completedstructure, be defined by curvilinear paths 23 even though the separatorsI 6 are completely burned away, with the result .that the flame cannever reach the kiln wall' The combustible separators I! are, of

. course, destroyed providing the necessary space for expansion andcontraction.

proper.

Since the separators l6 are seldom completely burned away, it ispossible to employ variations of the specific structure just described.In

Figures 6 and '7, I have' shown the separator as combustible separatorI1 is provided to insure proper space for expansion.

While I have at present illustrated my invention as applied to a rotarykiln, it is obvious that the method can be readily applied to lining anytype of kiln, and for this reasonI do not wish to be understood aslimiting myself to the illustrations employed except as hereinafterclaimed.

I claim:

1. In a kiln, a kiln wall, a plurality of plates substantiallyperpendicularly related to the wall and having their outer ends securedto the wall,

said plates defining a wall-covering series of pockets, andplasticrefractory lining material filling said pockets and having itsouter face flush with the outer edges of said plates, said platesconsisting of material burned away at operating kiln temperatureswhereby after a short period of operation an interiorly'smooth surfaceof plastic material is provided.

In a kiln, a kiln wall, a plurality of plates substantiallyperpendicularly related to the wall and having'their outer endssecuredto the wall,

said plates defining a. wall-covering series of pockets, and plasticrefractory lining material filling said pockets and having its outerface fiush with the outer edges of said plates, said plates consistingof material burned away at operating kiln temperatures whereby after ashort period of operation an interiorly smooth surface of plasticmaterial is provided, said plates 'having irregular faces interlockingwith the plastic material after hardening thereof.

In a kiln, a kiln wall, a plurality of plates substantiallyperpendicularly related to the wall and having their outer ends securedto the wall, said plates defining a wall-covering series of pockets, andplastic refractory lining material filling said pockets and having itsouter face flush with the outer edges of said plates, said,

plates consisting of material burned away at operating kiln temperatureswhereby after a short period of operation an interiorly smooth surfaceof plastic material is provided, said plates having corrugationssubstantially paralleling the kiln wall.

4. Ida kiln, a kiln wall, a plurality of plates substantiallyperpendicularly related to the wall and having their outer ends securedto the wall, said plates defining a wallcovering series of pockets, andplastic refractory lining material filling said pockets and having itsouter face flush with the outer edges of said plates, said platesconsisting of material burned away at operating kiln temperatureswhereby after a short period of operation an interiorly smooth surfaceof plastic material is provided, said plates having bosses punched outfrom their faces-and adapted to engage in the plastic material.

In a kiln, a kiln wall, a plurality of plates substantiallyperpendicularly related to the wall and having their outer ends securedto the wall, said plates defining a wall-covering series of pockets, andplastic refractory lining material filling said pockets and having itsouter face flush with the outer edges of said plates, said platesconsisting of material burned away at operating kilntemperatures wherebyafter a short period of operation an interiorly smooth surface ofplastic material is provided, said plates having integrally formed studsat their pocket-defining faces adapted to engage in the plasticmaterial.

6- A device as set forth in claim 1 wherein the plates are arranged inpairs and have separators disposed therebetween.

7. A device'as set forth in claim 2 wherein the plates are arranged inpairs and have separators disposed therebetween.

8. A device 'as set forth in claim 3 wherein the plates are arranged inpairs and have separators disposed therebetween.

9. A device as set forth in claim 4 wherein the plates are arranged inpairs and have separators disposed therebetween.

A device as set forth in claim wherein the plates are arranged in pairsand have separators disposed therebetween.

1 The method of lining kilns comprising defining at the face of the kilnwall a series of pockets in which adjacent faces of adjacent pockets arecomplementally deformed and filling said pockets with a plasticrefractory material.

12. A lining for kiln walls comprising blocks of refractory materialloosely anchored to' said wall, said blocks having complementallydeformed walls at all side faces thereof, the deformation being such asto prevent relative movement of the blocks in a direction perpendicularto the kiln wall.

The method of lining kilns comprising forming refractory blocks inposition against the kiln wall in a mold at least partially destroyedupon firing of the kiln.

14. A lining for kiln walls comprising individual units having outerfaces conforming exactly to the kiln wall and said faces, all of whichhave interlocking engagement with the opposed faces of adjacent units ina direction perpendicular to the kiln wall and separators betweenadjacent units and conforming to the shaping of the walls thereof.

' GILBERT E. SEIL.

